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	References for Understanding opioids Do you want to complete this activity to gain 2 hours of continuing professional development? Howard, J. & Hornsby-Myers, J. (2018). Fentanyls and the safety of first responders: science and recommendations. American Journal of Industrial Medicine.61: 633-639. United States Centres for Disease Control and Prevention. (2018). U.S. drug overdose deaths continue to rise; increase fuelled by synthetic opioids. Media release. 29 March 2018. Accessed August 2018. https://www.cdc.gov/media/releases/2018/p0329-drug-overdose-deaths.html Humphreys, K. (2017). Avoiding globalisation of the prescription opioid epidemic. The Lancet. 390: 437-439. Duthey, B. & Scholten, W. (2014). Adequacy of opioid analgesic consumption at country, global and regional levels in 2010, its relationship with development level, and changes compared with 2006. Journal of Pain and Symptom Management. 47(2): 283-297. Davis, A. et al. (2016). Opioid rain: opioid prescribing is growing and practice is diverging. New Zealand Medical Journal. 129(1440). https://www.nzma.org.nz/journal/read-the-journal/all-issues/2010-2019/2016/vol-129-no-1440/6990 Health Quality & Safety Commission New Zealand (2018). Atlas of Health Variation: Opioids. https://www.hqsc.govt.nz/our-programmes/health-quality-evaluation/projects/atlas-of-healthcare-variation/opioids/ Brownstein, M. (1993). A brief history of opiates, opioid peptides and opioid receptors. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 90: 5391-5393. Rang, H., et al. (2016). Rang and Dale’s Pharmacology. (8th ed.) London: Churchill Livingstone. Stoeber, M et al. (2018). A genetically encoded biosensor reveals location bias of opioid drug action. Neuron. 98: 963-976. Mendell, L. (2014). Constructing and deconstructing the gate theory of pain. Pain. 155: 210-216. Wang, D., Berg, D. & Scherrer, G. (2018). Beware of undertow: opioid drugs generate additional waves of intracellular signalling. Neuron. 98:870-872. Cox, B. et al. (2015). Challenges for opioid receptor nomenclature: IUPHAR Review 9. British Journal of Pharmacology. 172(2): 317-323. Due, M. et al. (2012). Neuroexcitatory effects of morphine-3-glucuronide are dependent on Toll-like receptor 4 signalling. Journal of Neuroinflammation. 9:200. Medsafe. (2018). Spotlight of codeine. Prescriber Update. 39(2): 18-19. TGA: Australian Government Department of Health Therapeutic Goods Agency. (2017). Safety review: codeine use in children and ultra-rapid metabolisers. https://www.tga.gov.au/alert/safety-review-codeine-use-children-and-ultra-rapid-metabolisers Gaedigk, A. et al. (2017). Prediction of CYP2D6 phenotype form genotype across world populations. Genetics in Medicine. 19(1): 69-76. Macintyre, P. et al. (2010). Acute pain management: Scientific evidence. (3rd ed.). Melbourne: Australian and New Zealand College of Anaesthetists. Clark, D. (2014). The Brompton Cocktail: 19^th century origins to 20^th century demise. http://endoflifestudies.academicblogs.co.uk/the-brompton-cocktail-19th-century-origins-to-20th-century-demise/ Burchell, T., Coster, S. & Norman, I. (2016). The effect of intrapartum pethidine on breastfeeding: a scoping review. Evidence Based Midwifery. 14(2): 49-56. Ullman, R. et al. (2014). Parenteral opioids for maternal pain management in labour. Cochrane Database Systemic Reviews. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4233118/ BPAC. (2014). Oxycodone: how did we get here and how do we fix it? Best Practice Journal. 62: 20-26. Clark, K. et al. (2017). Letter from the Members of US Congress to WHO Director-General Margaret Chan. May 3, 2017. https://katherineclark.house.gov/_cache/files/a577bd3c-29ec-4bb9-bdba-1ca71c784113/mundipharma-letter-signatures.pdf BPAC. (2016). Oxycodone update. https://bpac.org.nz/Report/2016/February/oxycodone.aspx Pattinson, K. (2008). Opioids and the control of respiration. British Journal of Anaesthesia. 100(6): 747-758. Cauley, C. et al. (2017). Predictors of in-hospital postoperative opioid overdose after major elective operations: a nationally representative cohort study. Annals of Surgery. 265: 702-708. Lam, T. et al. (2017). Continuous pulse oximetry and capnography for postoperative respiratory depression and adverse events: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Anesthesia and Analgesia. 125(6): 2019-2029. McCance K. et al. (2014). Pathophysiology. The biological basis for disease in adults and children. (7th ed.) St Louis MO: Mosby Ansell, H., Meyer, A. & Thompson, S. (2014). Why don’t nurses consistently take patient respiratory rates? British Journal of Nursing. 23(8): 414-418. Guypta, R., & Edwards, D. (2018). Monitoring for opioid-induced respiratory depression. Newsletter: The Official Journal of the Anesthesia Patient Safety Forum. 32(3). https://www.apsf.org/article/monitoring-for-opioid-induced-respiratory-depression/ Lee, L., Posner, K. & Domino, K. (2018). We should focus on “when” as well as “whom” to monitor for postoperative opioid-induced ventilatory impairment. Newsletter: The Official Journal of the Anesthesia Patient Safety Forum. 32(3). https://www.apsf.org/article/we-should-focus-on-when-as-well-as-whom-to-monitor-for-postoperative-opioid-induced-ventilatory-impairment/ Nelson, A. & Camilleri, M. (2017). Opioid-induced constipation: advances and clinical guidance. Therapeutic Advances in Chronic Disease. 7(2): 121-134. Chan et al., (2011). Opioids in chronic non-cancer pain. Expert Opinions in Pharmacotherapeutics.12(5): 705-720. Hayhurst, C. & Durieux, M. (2016). Differential opioid tolerance and opioid-induced hyperalgesia: a clinical reality. Anesthesiology. 124: 483-488. Volkow, N. & McLellan, T. (2016). Opioid abuse in chronic pain — misconceptions and mitigation strategies. The New England Journal of Medicine. 374: 1253-1263. Vowles, K. et al. (2015). Rates of opioid misuse, abuse, and addiction in chronic pain: a systematic review and data synthesis. Pain. 156(4): 569-576. Iacobucci, G. (2018). Opioid prescriptions rise in England despite poor efficacy and harms, finds study. British Medical Journal. 360) DOI:10.1136/bmj.k706 Powell, B. (2014). Managing breathlessness in advanced disease. Clinical Medicine. 14(3): 308-311. CREATE ACCOUNT FIND ARTICLES TAKE THE TOUR Make a new account to start learning online. Create account Search the list of articles. Find articles Learn about the site and how it can help you. Take the tour	LATEST ARTICLES Show all MR-SID: Medication-Related Substance Impaired Driving Delirium - often overlooked Asthma Understanding diuretics NSAIDS: risks and benefits Gastritis and the proton pump inhibitors LATEST NEWS Can drugs cause dementia? 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CONTINUING PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT FOR NURSES

References for Understanding opioids

Howard, J. & Hornsby-Myers, J. (2018). Fentanyls and the safety of first responders: science and recommendations. American Journal of Industrial Medicine.61: 633-639.
United States Centres for Disease Control and Prevention. (2018). U.S. drug overdose deaths continue to rise; increase fuelled by synthetic opioids. Media release. 29 March 2018. Accessed August 2018. https://www.cdc.gov/media/releases/2018/p0329-drug-overdose-deaths.html
Humphreys, K. (2017). Avoiding globalisation of the prescription opioid epidemic. The Lancet. 390: 437-439.
Duthey, B. & Scholten, W. (2014). Adequacy of opioid analgesic consumption at country, global and regional levels in 2010, its relationship with development level, and changes compared with 2006. Journal of Pain and Symptom Management. 47(2): 283-297.
Davis, A. et al. (2016). Opioid rain: opioid prescribing is growing and practice is diverging. New Zealand Medical Journal. 129(1440). https://www.nzma.org.nz/journal/read-the-journal/all-issues/2010-2019/2016/vol-129-no-1440/6990
Health Quality & Safety Commission New Zealand (2018). Atlas of Health Variation: Opioids. https://www.hqsc.govt.nz/our-programmes/health-quality-evaluation/projects/atlas-of-healthcare-variation/opioids/
Brownstein, M. (1993). A brief history of opiates, opioid peptides and opioid receptors. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 90: 5391-5393.
Rang, H., et al. (2016). Rang and Dale’s Pharmacology. (8th ed.) London: Churchill Livingstone.
Stoeber, M et al. (2018). A genetically encoded biosensor reveals location bias of opioid drug action. Neuron. 98: 963-976.
Mendell, L. (2014). Constructing and deconstructing the gate theory of pain. Pain. 155: 210-216.
Wang, D., Berg, D. & Scherrer, G. (2018). Beware of undertow: opioid drugs generate additional waves of intracellular signalling. Neuron. 98:870-872.
Cox, B. et al. (2015). Challenges for opioid receptor nomenclature: IUPHAR Review 9. British Journal of Pharmacology. 172(2): 317-323.
Due, M. et al. (2012). Neuroexcitatory effects of morphine-3-glucuronide are dependent on Toll-like receptor 4 signalling. Journal of Neuroinflammation. 9:200.
Medsafe. (2018). Spotlight of codeine. Prescriber Update. 39(2): 18-19.
TGA: Australian Government Department of Health Therapeutic Goods Agency. (2017). Safety review: codeine use in children and ultra-rapid metabolisers. https://www.tga.gov.au/alert/safety-review-codeine-use-children-and-ultra-rapid-metabolisers
Gaedigk, A. et al. (2017). Prediction of CYP2D6 phenotype form genotype across world populations. Genetics in Medicine. 19(1): 69-76.
Macintyre, P. et al. (2010). Acute pain management: Scientific evidence. (3rd ed.). Melbourne: Australian and New Zealand College of Anaesthetists.
Clark, D. (2014). The Brompton Cocktail: 19^th century origins to 20^th century demise. http://endoflifestudies.academicblogs.co.uk/the-brompton-cocktail-19th-century-origins-to-20th-century-demise/
Burchell, T., Coster, S. & Norman, I. (2016). The effect of intrapartum pethidine on breastfeeding: a scoping review. Evidence Based Midwifery. 14(2): 49-56.
Ullman, R. et al. (2014). Parenteral opioids for maternal pain management in labour. Cochrane Database Systemic Reviews. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4233118/
BPAC. (2014). Oxycodone: how did we get here and how do we fix it? Best Practice Journal. 62: 20-26.
Clark, K. et al. (2017). Letter from the Members of US Congress to WHO Director-General Margaret Chan. May 3, 2017. https://katherineclark.house.gov/_cache/files/a577bd3c-29ec-4bb9-bdba-1ca71c784113/mundipharma-letter-signatures.pdf
BPAC. (2016). Oxycodone update. https://bpac.org.nz/Report/2016/February/oxycodone.aspx
Pattinson, K. (2008). Opioids and the control of respiration. British Journal of Anaesthesia. 100(6): 747-758.
Cauley, C. et al. (2017). Predictors of in-hospital postoperative opioid overdose after major elective operations: a nationally representative cohort study. Annals of Surgery. 265: 702-708.
Lam, T. et al. (2017). Continuous pulse oximetry and capnography for postoperative respiratory depression and adverse events: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Anesthesia and Analgesia. 125(6): 2019-2029.
McCance K. et al. (2014). Pathophysiology. The biological basis for disease in adults and children. (7th ed.) St Louis MO: Mosby
Ansell, H., Meyer, A. & Thompson, S. (2014). Why don’t nurses consistently take patient respiratory rates? British Journal of Nursing. 23(8): 414-418.
Guypta, R., & Edwards, D. (2018). Monitoring for opioid-induced respiratory depression. Newsletter: The Official Journal of the Anesthesia Patient Safety Forum. 32(3). https://www.apsf.org/article/monitoring-for-opioid-induced-respiratory-depression/
Lee, L., Posner, K. & Domino, K. (2018). We should focus on “when” as well as “whom” to monitor for postoperative opioid-induced ventilatory impairment. Newsletter: The Official Journal of the Anesthesia Patient Safety Forum. 32(3). https://www.apsf.org/article/we-should-focus-on-when-as-well-as-whom-to-monitor-for-postoperative-opioid-induced-ventilatory-impairment/
Nelson, A. & Camilleri, M. (2017). Opioid-induced constipation: advances and clinical guidance. Therapeutic Advances in Chronic Disease. 7(2): 121-134.
Chan et al., (2011). Opioids in chronic non-cancer pain. Expert Opinions in Pharmacotherapeutics.12(5): 705-720.
Hayhurst, C. & Durieux, M. (2016). Differential opioid tolerance and opioid-induced hyperalgesia: a clinical reality. Anesthesiology. 124: 483-488.
Volkow, N. & McLellan, T. (2016). Opioid abuse in chronic pain — misconceptions and mitigation strategies. The New England Journal of Medicine. 374: 1253-1263.
Vowles, K. et al. (2015). Rates of opioid misuse, abuse, and addiction in chronic pain: a systematic review and data synthesis. Pain. 156(4): 569-576.
Iacobucci, G. (2018). Opioid prescriptions rise in England despite poor efficacy and harms, finds study. British Medical Journal. 360) DOI:10.1136/bmj.k706
Powell, B. (2014). Managing breathlessness in advanced disease. Clinical Medicine. 14(3): 308-311.